\begin{table}[H]
\singlespace
\centering
\begin{tabular}{@{}llc@{}}
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{Estimand}          & p value \\ \midrule
CACE: & All treated vs. placebo       & 0.044   \\
CACE: & Instruction-only vs. placebo  & 0.386   \\
CACE: & Economic cost vs. placebo     & 0.071   \\
CACE: & Costly abstention vs. placebo & 0.011   \\
CACE: & Economic cost vs. instruction-only &   0.192 \\
CACE: & Costly abstention vs. instruction-only &  0.027 \\
CACE: & Costly abstention vs. economic cost & 0.315  \\
CACE: & Costly abstention  \& economic cost vs. instructions-only & 0.040 \\
ITT:  & All treated vs. placebo       & 0.091   \\
ITT:  & Instruction-only vs. placebo  & 0.403   \\
ITT:  & Economic cost vs. placebo     & 0.098   \\
ITT:  & Costly abstention vs. placebo & 0.033   \\ 
ITT: & Economic cost vs. instruction-only &   0.277 \\
ITT: & Costly abstention vs. instruction-only &  0.087 \\
ITT: & Costly abstention vs. economic cost & 0.532  \\
ITT: & Costly abstenion  \& economic cost vs. instructions-only & 0.112 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\caption{Randomization inference p values}
\label{tab: ri}
\vspace{1mm}
{\setstretch{1}\textit{Note}: Randomization inference conducted using 10,000 simulations for CACEs and 1000 simulations for ITTs. Covariates not included due to computational demand.\par}
\end{table}


